Gum Disease
Healthy Gums, Healthy Life
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Gum disease, also known as periodontal disease, is a severe infection of the gums that can lead to tooth loss and other health complications if left untreated. It mainly occurs due to plaque buildup, a sticky film of bacteria that forms on the teeth. If not removed through regular brushing and flossing, plaque can harden into tartar, further aggravating the gums and leading to inflammation.
What are the Types of Gum Disease?
Gum disease is generally classified into two main types:
- Gingivitis: This is the earliest stage of gum disease and is typically characterised by red, swollen gums that may bleed when brushing or flossing. Gingivitis is often reversible with good oral hygiene practices and regular dental check-ups.
- Periodontitis: If gingivitis is left untreated, it can progress to periodontitis. This more severe form of gum disease affects the bone supporting the teeth, potentially leading to tooth mobility and loss. Symptoms may include persistent bad breath, receding gums, and pockets forming between the teeth and gums.
What are the Signs and Symptoms?
The signs of gum disease may include:
- Red, swollen, or tender gums
- Bleeding gums during brushing or flossing
- Persistent bad breath
- Loose or shifting teeth
- Changes in bite or tooth alignment
If you experience any of these symptoms, consult a dental professional promptly.
How do I Prevent Gum Disease?
Here are some effective strategies:
- Regular Brushing: Brushing your teeth at least twice daily with fluoride toothpaste to remove plaque and food particles.
- Floss Daily: Flossing helps to clean between the teeth and remove plaque from areas your toothbrush may not reach.
- Routine Dental Check-Ups: Regular visits to your dentist for professional cleanings and check-ups are essential for early detection and prevention of gum disease.
- Healthy Lifestyle Choices: Eating a balanced diet, avoiding tobacco products, and managing stress can also improve gum health.
What are the Treatment Options?
If you are diagnosed with gum disease, various treatment options are available depending on the severity of the condition:
- Professional Cleaning: A thorough dental cleaning can remove plaque and tartar build-up.
- Scaling and Root Planning: This is a deep-cleaning procedure that involves scraping away plaque and tartar from below the gum line and smoothing the roots of the teeth.
- Antibiotics: Sometimes, your dentist may prescribe antibiotics to help control bacterial infection.
- Surgical Treatments: For advanced cases, surgical options such as flap surgery or bone grafts may be necessary to restore gum health.